Work is said to be done when applied force is able to produce
some displacement. The magnitude of work done is depends on the applied force,
displacement of the body and the direction of applied force with respect to
displacement.
If the applied force is along the same direction of force,
then the entire force causes displacement and hence work done in that case is
maximum. It is simply because COS 0
is equal to ONE.
If the applied force is at a certain angle, then only a
component of force produces displacement and hence the work done in this case
is not maximum.
If the applied force is perpendicular to the displacement of
the body, the actual applied force is not causing any displacement and hence
work done by the applied force is equal to zero.
If a railway porter is carrying a suitcase on smooth
horizontal surface, and his displacement on the horizontal surface itself,
weight acts in the downward direction and displacement is perpendicular to the
weight. Hence work done is zero against the weight.
If the applied force is in one direction and the displacement
of the body is in the opposite direction, then work done is minimum as COS 180 is equal to minus one. This is
the minimum possible work done and work
done is maximum when force and displacement are in the same direction.
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