If there is a change in the current in the circuit with time, there will be a change in the magnetic field around the coil and it produce a induced EMF in the coil. To study the EMF, Faraday has made some experiments and here we are going to study that experimental observations.
We can also understand the magnetic field induction in some
other way. In the previous case, experiencing the change in magnetic flux is
for a very small time. It is just during the switch on and off process that is
for a very small interval of time. To experience it in a very detailed way, let
us have a closed coil with a galvanometer. Let us consider a magnetic needle
and if you are keeping the magnetic needle at rest, no EMF is generated.
When the magnetic needle is moved towards the coil, the
galvanometer moves in one direction and EMF is generated.
Even when the magnet is moved in the opposite direction, the
galvanometer deflects in opposite direction and it indicated that the current
is developed in the opposite direction.
We can observe the same even when the magnet is in the state
of rest and the coil with galvanometer is either moved towards or away from the
stationary magnet.
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