We
are solving series of problems based on thermal properties of matter and our
present topic in focus is thermometry. It is about measuring the temperature.
Heat is foam of energy and it is the cause and its effect is measured in terms
of temperature and it is seen as effect. Without measuring heat energy in terms
of temperature, we cannot identify the exact effect of heat energy on the body.
Temperature can be measured on any uniform parameter that changes uniformly
with the given heat energy. It could be linear expansion, pressure, volume, resistance
etc. Basing on any of this property, we can measure the temperature of the
body. To measure the temperature, we have different kind of scales like
centigrade, forignheat, kelvin.. etc.
Problem
Which
of the available scales of the given options is the smallest scale value and
the problem is as shown in the diagram below.
Solution
Each
scale is divided into different parts as per the convention and convenience.
Any way when we measure the temperature of the same body using different
scales, the value appears different as per the scale. We can find that the
forignheat scale is the one who is having 180 divisions and it is the largest
among all the scales. As the number of divisions are largest, the numerical
value of the system will be the smallest. Solution is as shown in the diagram
below.
Problem
Super
conductivity is observed at a temperature 95K and we need to express it in
terms of forignheat and the problem is as shown in the diagram below.
Solution
We
know that forignheat scale divided into 180 parts where as kelvin scale is
divided into 100 parts. We know the relation between different scales and we
can solve the problem as shown in the diagram below.
Problem
We
need to know where the temperature reading of centigrade scale coincides with
forignheat scale and the problem is as shown in the diagram below.
Solution
We
need to equate the temperature reading both the scales. We know that the ratio
of given reading to the lower fixed reading to the difference between upper and
lower fixed points is constant and by applying that data, we can solve the
problem as shown in the diagram below.
Problem
In
a wrongly calibrated thermometer lower fixed point is 20 and upper fixed point
is 150 centigrade and we need to know if the actual temperature is 60 degree
how much that is read as by this new thermometer and the problem is as shown in
the diagram below.
Solution
We
know that the temperature of the body depends on the heat energy that it has
and it looks different when we see it through different scales. A wrongly
calibrated thermometer reading shall be equated to the normal reading as shown
in the diagram below and the problem is solved as shown here.
Problem
The
resistance of a wire at zero and hundred degree centigrade is given to us and
we need to measure the reading at a particular temperature and the problem is
as shown in the diagram below.
Solution
We
need to know that many of the metals temperature raises with the raise of the
temperature and they are proportional to each other. Taking this into
consideration, we can define coefficient of thermal resistance as shown in the
diagram and the problem can be solved as shown below.
Problem
The
pressure of the gas at zero and hundred degree centigrade is given to us and we
need to find the pressure at a given temperature and the problem is as shown in
the diagram below.
Solution
We
know that the pressure of a gas at constant volume is directly proportional to
the temperature of the gas and taking that into consideration we can define
pressure coefficient of a gas at constant volume. Basing on the definition, we
can solve the problem as shown in the diagram below.
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